The 54 Ethnic Groups of Vietnam
A Visual Summary
With 54 officially recognized ethnic groups speaking over 100 languages, Vietnam is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in Southeast Asia and perhaps the world, in relation to its land mass.
Journey through the mountainous North where the colorful Lo Lo, Phu La, Ha Nhi and Pu Peo call home. The vast Central Highlands plateau home to the Ba Na, Co Tu, Xo Dang and Brau. All the way South to the Mekong Delta, home of the Cham and Khmer. These are just a handful of the many ethnic minority groups in Vietnam, a country at the crossroads of Southeast Asia with great cultural, linguistic and genetic diversity.
Presented here is a visual guide to the 54 primary ethnic groups of Vietnam. Click on the name of an ethnic group at the top of the page to see a summary with the official stamp and photo (if available). If you pay close attention you can see the traditional homes of each ethnic group in the background of the stamp. For a more concise and sortable list of the 54 ethnic groups of Vietnam click here.
1. Ba Na
2. Bo Y
3. Brau
4. Bru-Van Kieu
5. Cham
6. Cho Ro
7. Chu Ru
8. Chut
9. Co
10. Co Ho
11. Co Lao
12. Cong
13. Co Tu
14. Dao
15. E De
16. Gia Rai
17. Giay
18. Gie Trieng
19. Ha Nhi
20. Hmong
21. Hoa
22. Hre
23. Khang
24. Khmer
25. Kho Mu
26. Kinh
27. La Chi
28. La Ha
29. La Hu
30. Lao
31. Lo Lo
32. Lu
33. Ma
34. Mang
35. Mnong
36. Muong
37. Ngai
38. Nung
39. O Du
40. Pa Then
41. Phu La
42. Pu Peo
43. Ra Glai
44. Ro Mam
45. San Chay
46. San Diu
47. Si La
48. Ta Oi
49. Tay
50. Thai
51. Tho
52. Xinh Mun
53. Xo Dang
54. Xtieng
#01: Ba Na ethnic group
Ba Na
Population (Vietnam)
286,910
Location (Province)
Kon Tum, Gia Lai,
Binh Dinh
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#02: Bo Y ethnic group
Bố Y
Population (Vietnam)
3,232
Location (Province)
Lao Cai, Ha Giang
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Tai–Kadai:
Tai
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#03: Brau ethnic group
Brâu
Population (Vietnam)
525
Location (Province)
Kon Tum
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#04: Bru-Van Kieu ethnic group
Bru-Vân Kiều
Population (Vietnam)
94,598
Location (Province)
Quang Tri, Quang Binh, Dak Lak
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#05: Cham ethnic group
Chăm
Population (Vietnam)
178,948
Location (Province)
Ninh Thuan, Binh Thuan, Phu Yen,
An Giang
(Central/South Vietnam)
Language Group
Austronesian:
Malayo-
Polynesian
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#06: Cho Ro ethnic group
#07: Chu Ru ethnic group
Chu Ru
Population (Vietnam)
23,242
Location (Province)
Lam Dong
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austronesian:
Malayo-
Polynesian
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#08: Chut ethnic group
Chứt
Population (Vietnam)
7,513
Location (Province)
Quang Binh
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Viet-Muong
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#09: Cor ethnic group
Co
Population (Vietnam)
40,442
Location (Province)
Quang Ngai,
Quang Nam
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#10: Co Ho ethnic group
Cờ Ho
Population (Vietnam)
200,800
Location (Province)
Lam Dong
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#11: Co Lao ethnic group
Cờ Lao
Population (Vietnam)
4,003
Location (Province)
Ha Giang
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Tai–Kadai:
Kra
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#12: Cong ethnic group
Cống
Population (Vietnam)
2,729
Location (Province)
Lai Chau, Dien Bien
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Sino-Tibetan:
Tibeto-Burman
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#13: Co Tu ethnic group
Cơ Tu
Population (Vietnam)
74,173
Location (Province)
Quang Nam,
Thua Thien-Hue
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#14: Dao ethnic group
#15: E De ethnic group
Ê Đê
Population (Vietnam)
398,671
Location (Province)
Dak Lak, Phu Yen
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austronesian:
Malayo-
Polynesian
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#16: Gia Rai ethnic group
#17: Giay ethnic group
#18: Gie Trieng ethnic group
Giẻ Triêng
Population (Vietnam)
63,322
Location (Province)
Kon Tum, Quang Nam
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#19: Ha Nhi ethnic group
#20: Hmong ethnic group
Hmong
Population (Vietnam)
1,393,547
Location (Province)
Northern Vietnam
Language Group
Hmong–Mien
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#21: Hoa ethnic group
#22: Hre ethnic group
Hrê
Population (Vietnam)
149,460
Location (Province)
Quang Ngai
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#23: Khang ethnic group
Kháng
Population (Vietnam)
16,180
Location (Province)
Lai Chau, Son La,
Dien Bien
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#24: Khmer ethnic group
Khmer
Population (Vietnam)
1,319,652
Location (Province)
Soc Trang, Tra Vinh, Kien Giang, An Giang, Ca Mua
(Southern Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#25: Kho Mu ethnic group
Khơ Mú
Population (Vietnam)
90,612
Location (Province)
Nghe An, Dien Bien, Son La, Lai Chau
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#26: Kinh ethnic group
Kinh
Population (Vietnam)
82,085,826
Location (Province)
Across Vietnam
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Viet-Muong
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#27: La Chi ethnic group
La Chí
Population (Vietnam)
15,126
Location (Province)
Ha Giang
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Tai–Kadai:
Kra
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#28: La Ha ethnic group
La Ha
Population (Vietnam)
10,157
Location (Province)
Son La
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Tai–Kadai:
Kra
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#29: La Hu ethnic group
#30: Lao ethnic group
#31: Lo Lo ethnic group
Lô Lô
Population (Vietnam)
4,827
Location (Province)
Cao Bang, Ha Giang, Lai Chau
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Sino-Tibetan:
Tibeto-Burman
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#32: Lu ethnic group
Lự
Population (Vietnam)
6,757
Location (Province)
Lai Chau
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Tai–Kadai:
Tai
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#33: Ma ethnic group
Mạ
Population (Vietnam)
50,322
Location (Province)
Lam Dong, Dak Nong, Dong Nai
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#34: Mang ethnic group
Mảng
Population (Vietnam)
4,650
Location (Province)
Lai Chau
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#35: Mnong ethnic group
Mnông
Population (Vietnam)
127,334
Location (Province)
Dak Lak, Dak Nong
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#36: Muong ethnic group
Mường
Population (Vietnam)
1,452,095
Location (Province)
Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa, Phu Tho, Son La, Ninh Binh
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Viet-Muong
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#37: Ngai ethnic group
Ngái
Population (Vietnam)
1,649
Location (Province)
Thai Nguyen, Binh Thuan, Ho Chi Minh City
(Northern/Southern Vietnam)
Language Group
Sino-Tibetan:
Chinese/Han
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#38: Nung ethnic group
Nùng
Population (Vietnam)
1,083,298
Location (Province)
Lang Son, Cao Bang, Bac Giang
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Tai–Kadai:
Tai
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#39: O Du ethnic group
Ơ Đu
Population (Vietnam)
428
Location (Province)
Nghe An
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#40: Pa Then ethnic group
Pà Thẻn
Population (Vietnam)
8,248
Location (Province)
Ha Giang, Tuyen Quang
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Hmong–Mien
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#41: Phu La ethnic group
Phù Lá
Population (Vietnam)
12,471
Location (Province)
Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Ha Giang, Dien Bien
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Sino-Tibetan:
Tibeto-Burman
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#42: Pu Peo ethnic group
#43: Ra Glai ethnic group
Ra Glai
Population (Vietnam)
146,613
Location (Province)
Ninh Thuan, Khanh Hoa, Binh Thuan
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austronesian:
Malayo-
Polynesian
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#44: Ro Mam ethnic group
Rơ Măm
Population (Vietnam)
639
Location (Province)
Kon Tum
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#45: San Chay ethnic group
Sán Chay
Population (Vietnam)
201,398
Location (Province)
Tuyen Quang, Thai Nguyen, Bac Giang
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Tai–Kadai:
Tai
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#46: San Diu ethnic group
Sán Dìu
Population (Vietnam)
183,004
Location (Province)
Thai Nguyen, Vinh Phuc, Bac Giang, Quang Ninh, Tuyen Quang
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Sino-Tibetan:
Chinese/Han
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#47: Si La ethnic group
#48: Ta Oi ethnic group
#49: Tay ethnic group
Tày
Population (Vietnam)
1,845,492
Location (Province)
Northern Vietnam
Language Group
Tai–Kadai:
Tai
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#50: Thai ethnic group
Thái
Population (Vietnam)
1,820,950
Location (Province)
Northern Vietnam
Language Group
Tai–Kadai:
Tai
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#51: Tho ethnic group
Thổ
Population (Vietnam)
91,430
Location (Province)
Nghe An, Thanh Hoa
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Viet-Muong
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#52: Xinh Mun ethnic group
Xinh Mun
Population (Vietnam)
29,503
Location (Province)
Son La, Dien Bien
(Northern Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#53: Xo Dang ethnic group
Xơ Đăng
Population (Vietnam)
212,277
Location (Province)
Kon Tum, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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#54: Xtieng ethnic group
Xtiêng
Population (Vietnam)
100,752
Location (Province)
Binh Phuoc
(Central Vietnam)
Language Group
Austroasiatic:
Mon-Khmer
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